As winter sets in, the challenges faced by people living with dementia and their carers can increase. Shorter days, lower temperatures, and the festive season can all impact routines, creating more opportunities for confusion, disorientation, and even potential health risks. Here, we’ll explore a few simple ways to make the winter months a little safer and more comfortable for those with dementia.
1. Establish a Winter Routine
Routine is essential for those with dementia as it creates a sense of stability and familiarity. The shorter daylight hours can make time harder to track, increasing the risk of “sundowning” – a phenomenon where confusion and agitation may worsen in the late afternoon or evening. Help your loved one stick to a routine, even if that means adjusting slightly for winter. Consider placing clocks in visible areas, ideally with clear numbers and letters, to help with time orientation. Adjust indoor lighting as the day gets darker to provide a warm, inviting atmosphere and reduce shadows that could cause anxiety.
2. Stay Warm and Comfortable
Winter temperatures can increase the risk of hypothermia, especially for older individuals who may be less aware of the cold or unable to dress appropriately. Layering up with easy-to-remove clothing helps them to stay warm, and a cosy blanket within reach can be comforting. Ensure heating systems are in good working order, and keep living areas warm but well-ventilated. Additionally, keeping their hands and feet warm can be particularly beneficial. Cold extremities can cause discomfort or even pain, so thick socks, gloves, and even heated blankets or foot warmers can make a real difference.
3. Safety in the Home
Winter weather can bring potential hazards indoors. Snow and ice can easily be tracked into the home, creating slippery surfaces. Try to keep entryways dry and use slip-resistant mats. In areas where frost is likely, ensure pathways are gritted or de-iced regularly. If the person with dementia lives independently or spends time alone, consider setting up a monitoring or alert system in case of falls or other emergencies.
4. Support Mental and Physical Health
During winter, people often spend more time indoors, which can lead to feelings of isolation or boredom – particularly challenging for those with dementia. Incorporate light physical activities such as indoor walking, chair exercises, or gentle stretches. Stimulate their mental wellbeing with familiar activities like puzzles, music, or looking through photo albums. Even sitting together for a warm cup of tea and a chat can provide a meaningful connection and boost their mood.
5. Promote Healthy Eating and Hydration
Hydration is easy to overlook in the colder months, yet it’s just as crucial for health as it is during the summer. Keep a jug of water or tea accessible, and encourage your loved one to drink regularly throughout the day. For meals, consider preparing warm, nutritious foods that are easy to eat and digest. Soups, stews, and casseroles not only provide warmth but also offer balanced nutrition. Regular meal times can also help maintain routine and comfort.
6. Celebrate the Festive Season Mindfully
The winter months bring festive holidays, which can be both enjoyable and overwhelming for people with dementia. While a festive atmosphere can lift spirits, it’s essential to keep it gentle. Loud music, flashing lights, and crowded gatherings may cause anxiety. Opt for calm and familiar decorations, like a few favourite ornaments or soft fairy lights. If family gatherings are part of your tradition, consider hosting smaller, quieter get-togethers, allowing them to be involved at their own pace.
7. Prepare for Outings with Extra Care
If you’re planning outings, prepare carefully. Make sure they’re dressed warmly with extra layers, a scarf, hat, and gloves. Inform them about where you’re going and keep journeys short to avoid fatigue. Cold weather can impact mood and alertness, so if the trip involves sitting outside or waiting, have a warm drink or blanket on hand.
Caring for someone with dementia during the wintertime requires just a little extra thought and preparation. By focusing on warmth, routine, and social connection, you can help the season be one of comfort and joy. Remember, small steps can make a big difference, and your care and companionship are invaluable to their wellbeing.
